Mother of Felix J. Kozelek; Mary H. Domaszek; Eleanor C. Somers; Bertha Leone; Leo S. Kozelek and 8 others; Michael A. Kozelek; Esther F. Somers; Loretta C. Omernik; Bernadette Kozelek; Gertrude K. Walczak; Edward Kozelek; Albert A. Kozelek, Sr and Somers less However, I love the book overall and hope that people will read this untold story. Kurt Geier was a machinist by trade. I have such admiration and respect for Pino, and am eternally grateful for the opportunity to speak with his son, Michael, and to share it with you. D'Angelo's father. Pino believes his cowardice was a sin that will send him to hell. by Fallen 06 Apr 2018, 06:41, Post Thanks for reading! What blend, it must be a read by all. Confirmed by the German Service/WASt in an email of 18 May, Leyers was released by U.S. from Caserta on 10 April 1947, in the event someone has the ability to update the information found at: The report commissioned by Eschweiler city council has been completed by Prof. Carlo Gentile at the University of Cologne. One for each prisoner that helped the general loads the gold. She works as a maid for Leyers mistress, Dolly. Onenight in my dream she told me that, I wouldnt be coming to visit her anymore. And three weeks later my grandmother had a massive stroke and died while visiting her sons in east Germany. Other objectionable words are the euphemism darn, as well as p and whore. My Mother tells me that her father was a very serious man. Depictions of the war include many graphic descriptions of violence. Anna Maria Di Lella is on Facebook. Partisans burst in on a New Years Eve party and demand money to fund their resistance. 2. Marta D. Riezu - La moda giusta (2023) Anna Maria Lella - La doppia faccia del perdono (2023) Andy Weir - Project Hail Mary (2023) AA.VV. I read the book in December 2017 and then posted about it on my Facebook page. Collaboration in the review of the tests O.I.B. Life is change, constant change and unless we are lucky enough to findcomedy in it, change is nearly always drama, if not tragedy. Wine and Design Staten Island, LLC and Annamaria Aigotti, Inc are two companies that we are aware of at this address. 30.6k Followers, 1,444 Following, 901 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from anna marta (@annamartaa) annamartaa. Pino sees his friends little brother blown apart by a grenade. Paula. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. by Fallen 11 Aug 2017, 02:41, Post She was one of five children born to Franz Hermann Lipsdorf and Wilhelmine Auguste Anna Roestel. Their first is in the kitchen of Dollys apartment. He taught my mother, 5 years old at the time, how to ride a bicycle. What happened to Anna Marta in beneath the scarlet sky? I asked someone to review it for me earlier in the year, but he was unable to find the time. On his 18th birthday, Lella is forced to enlist with the German Army, and . 2. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. By the third chapter, Milan is bombed, and Pinos cheek is cut open by falling debris. As fast as she could make them my mother was peeling off the edges and eating the yummy crust. Pino and Anna share several passionate kisses. Contributors : Anna Marta Marini. He married and divorced twice, had four children and lived the life of a jetsetter. Father Re is a father figure in Pinos life. In addition to his academic studies, Pino learns that Father Re, head of Casa Alpina, has been preparing him, through rigorous mountaineering training missions, to escort Jewish refugees over a steep Alpine ridge and into the safety of neutral Switzerland. The novel was based on "the true story of a forgotten hero," Pino Lella, an Italian youth who led refugees over the mountains to freedom in physical acts of courage. Leyers needs Mussolini to end the machinists strikes in Milan and Turin. He hears four gunshots. I appreciate that both you and his son were willing to take the time to give us the present and the past. The Last Green Valley is a work of historical fiction, inspired by a true story. I believe that when a person has learned to forgive themselves of their failures and rejoice in their successes then that person has lived a full life. He sees the back of his cousins head taken off by a bullet and watches Anna killed by a firing squad. Leyers promises to try. Lella's life is certainly the stuff of thrilling cinema. I had never been to east Germany and it is very difficult for me to describe the swirl of emotions as I stood in front of the farm-house here my grandmother was born and later as I stood in front of the house where my mother was born and where my grandfather was later killed during World War II. And we are going to fall in mad, tragic love and go on grand adventures with music and food and wine and intrigue every day, all day long.. I was totally immersed in this fascinating overwhelming heart wrenching story. He does favors for people so that when he needs help he will have people who owe him. Hi Paula, thank you for reading! us . They put them into cattle cars, and they disappear, bound forno one knows. In the morning, Pino walks through streets littered with bodies. One afternoon he sees a Nazi soldier trying to fix an officers car. Just a moment while we sign you in to your Goodreads account. by Fallen 20 Nov 2020, 17:39, Post to agree to go to a movie with him. Kurt Willy Geier was my grandfather and sadly I never knew him. One man is clubbed to the floor when he tries to resist. Pino evades Allied tanks and partisan gunfire, but then points his gun at Leyers as the general leaves the car to urinate. Mark. What happened in chapter 49 of great expectations? I dont want you to see me human and flawed and whole. He approaches a young woman and asks her to meet him at the cinema later. Pino arrests the general that evening and delivers him to the resistance. This will conclude the mini-series on Beneath a Scarlet Sky, but its not something I will soon forget; it will always be with me. A kitchen witch is a doll resembling a witch or a crone which is displayed in kitchens as a means to provide good luck and to ward off bad spirits which superstition found its origins in theHarz mountain region. Hohndorf, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany Omis Birthplace, James Turner Miller A Good Man Killed Murder Most Foul, John Curbow Queen Annes County, Maryland Part 3, Curbow Family in America - Overview - Part 1, John Corbo of Pennsylvania - Land Records - Part 2, Stories Connect Love Heals Charles Hale. Anna-Marta This character is the maid to a generalx26#39;s mistress. Leyers gives him whiskey after they survive being strafed by an Allied plane. Facebook gives people the power to share and makes the world more open and connected. Sosio Scaricare Libri Il collasso dell'universo Online Gratis PDF . Leyers then delivers the devastating blow. Reader Q&A, Cases of wine and cows are stolen to give the soldiers a merry Christmas, while Italians are left to freeze and starve. My grandmother(), Anna Martha Lipsdorf Geier, was born on 17 Aug 1906 in the small village of Hohndorf, Germany which is now known as Muhlanger, a part of the Wittenberg District in Saxony-Anhalt. As he chauffeurs Leyers, he comes in contact with the gray men. These are prisoners, Jews and Allies, dressed in gray and used as slave laborers for the Nazi army. Without this food, my people will starve. By now, youve probably figured out, that for me, the fascination of genealogy is not about the names, dates and statistics, but rather the study of how our family members lived their lives. Gratis Pressione Bassa My personaltrainer it . Lella secretly documented troop movements, taking notes and photographs, and providing the Allies with his uncle's shortwave radio with the most important information. It is located about an hour north of Munich which is at the base of the Bavarian Alps. Anna never shows up, but the boys enjoy the film until Allied planes bomb the city. Pinos father wants him to register with the German army in the OT, or Organization Todt. They do not fight on the Russian front. One of the refugees that Pino helped. Anna soon came to care for Pino as he had hoped . Alberto, Dolly and other characters smoke cigarettes. Another boy loses a hand and a third loses his eyes. Father Re keeps Pino from shooting Tito. A man who saw Tullio get caught by Gestapo. That night, Pino stays with, been destroyed. I have been hearing rumors that Mark Sulivan was over exaggerating the book a little too much and I was wondering if the author told false stories of Pino Lella. Find ratings and reviews for the newest movie and TV shows. Father Re eventually asks Pino to guide three people, who are Jews, over the mountains to Switzerland. Anna Marta is the love of Pino Lella 's life. The partisans attempt to kill him, but he survives. About ten years ago I was lucky enough to go home to Germany just me and my mother. Mimo bloodies Pinos nose in one before Pino pins him to the floor. This story does not end happily. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. The story is based on events in the life of Pino Lella from June 1943 to May 1945. Leyers forces factories across Italy to provide his soldiers with supplies. - Sissi Vol. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Mimo is sent to Father Re, a priest who runs a school for boys in the mountains. It does so the more when I read here from Michael Lella that Anna was a real person. As a person, the Warhad an enormous impact on my father. Keep in mind that he was born in 1926, which meant that his entire adolescence, from 14 to 18 (1940 to 1945), was disrupted by the Nazi invasion and the War. Required fields are marked *. Anna is an associate degree holder. Next week will be something BRAND NEW, totally different topic, genre, discussion and I cant wait to share it with you! document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); I am a 30-something Pacific Northwest native avid reader who is wild about books. - Sissi Vol. One last question. I cant even begin to tell you how often we toured these landmarks the ancient old city (Alt Stadt) surrounded by the NurnbergWall the Nurnbergcastle the GermanisheMuseum the Albrecht Duhrer house and the Tiergarten (Zoo). With regard to Anna [and a particular event in the story I dont want to spoil], that single episode shames him to this very day. [Anna is Pinos love interest in the book, and during his teenage years.]. He was the only son of Johann Heinrich Geier and Anna Lina Kutscher. Unless otherwise stated, all photos and articles are the property of Judy L. Curbow and cannot be used unless you have prior authorization to do so and you link back to this website. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. It made him growold andweary way before his time. The number currently linked to Anna is (718) 317-8254 (Verizon New York, Inc). Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. This is an apolitical forum for discussions on the Axis nations and related topics hosted by the Axis History Factbook in cooperation with Christian Ankerstjernes Panzerworld and Christoph Awender's WW2 day by day. Horror at what human beings are capable of. I think my father was very unhappybeing back inthe city of Milano, where the ghosts of his War experiences haunted him. They fiercely protect their family as much as they can during the war. Fooling the Nazis like that made him feel empowered. Nazis, partisans and fascists all fight for control of Italy. Although he protects the younger boys from harm and does not believe in violence, he does put Pino and the older boys in danger when he asks them to help guide Jews and Allied prisoners through the mountains. Thinking he is a thief, she threatens to tell Dolly, until Pino convinces her he is a spy. during the summers as a child Pino and Mimo were sent to a missionary called Casa Alpina near lake Como. The author opens the book with a summary of how he came to learn about Pinos story. Sr and Agnes Franciszska Lilla Sister of Marta Anna Kozelek; John Frank Lella; Joseph Nickolas Lella, II; Vincent Lilla; Helena Kozelek and 4 others; ; ; Managed by: Dan S. Last . He loves ajoke and a good laugh. by marktsullivan 30 Aug 2009, 22:14, Post Show more detail. She was born at the turn of the 20th century (on 17 Aug 1906 in Hohendorf, Germany) at a time when great strides were being made in industry, science and medicine. Jay Weinstein. In all of my grandmothers triumphs and adversities, she turned out to be who she was meant to be and so it is for all of us. Hers was a life fully-lived. When I look at her life and the lives of all our ancestors I see the past unfold and I also see in her (and all of them) our future. When his family home in Milan is destroyed by Allied bombs, Pino joins an underground railroad helping Jews escape over the Alps, and falls for Anna, a beautiful widow six years his senior. The crowd around him bellowed and jeered its approval while he just stood there, hunch shouldered, whimpering at the agony that possessed him, so powerful it almost made him think it couldnt be real, that his beloved was not lying there in a pool of blood, that hed not watched her take the bullet, that hed not watched life flee her in a blink, that hed not heard her begging him to save her. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. The earliest mention of Hohndorf in any archived record dates to 1349. A man who Pino served for as driver. Pino is successful in his task, even playing piano in a band with his friends for the dance. We knew something was wrong with him and during that time, he showed little interest in being a goodparent. Hitler's Reich Minister for armaments and war production. The best result we found for your search is Anna Marta age 60s in Medway, MA. Samstarf g er opin fyrir hvers konar samstarfi svii hreyfingar og matari Tengjumst annamarta@annamarta.is +354 821 8152 Leyers survived an allied POW camp and went on to live on an estate in Germany. No portion of the materials listed in this blog may be copied or distributed without first obtaining express written approval by me. by steve248 03 Sep 2009, 17:14, Post in history and geography (ESABAC 2014 project). Is Pino Lela still alive and how is he doing? Only one companys name is registered at this address Myblueclick LLC. Both my mother and his second wife Yvonne, knew nothing about Anna. A section of the book is titled Vengeance is mine, sayeth the Lord.. She agrees and tells him her name is Anna. Initially, my brother and I were sent away to a Swiss boarding school. She also tells Pino her name: is allowed to go to his room where he listens to jazz and thinks about, Pino arrives at the theater, buys two tickets, and waits for, is deeply disturbed by the carnage he sees, though he distracts himself with thoughts of, flat and knocks on the door. shop art. The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, Organization Todt, which, unlike the book suggests, was not the responsibility of General Leyers but of an engineer named Fischer [his OT title was General-Baurat], Life in the Third Reich & Weimar Republic, Kriegsmarine surface ships and Kriegsmarine in general, Luftwaffe air units and Luftwaffe in general, German Strategy & General German Military Discussion, NSDAP, other party organizations & Government, The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, The Ron Klages Panzer & other vehicles Section, Panzer & other vehicles - Photo threads, Axis Documents, Feldpost numbers, Postcards & Other Paper Items, The United Kingdom & its Empire and Commonwealth 1919-45, The Allies and the Neutral States in general, German Colonies and Overseas Expeditions, The end of the Ottoman Empire 1908-1923, Translation help: Breaking the Sound Barrier, viewtopic.php?f=5&t=66810&p=1093559&hil s#p1093559, https://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic 4#p1093559, Assessment (Gutachten)_Leyers Dr. Gentile.pdf, Hans Leyers Assessment - English translation, Leyers Assessment (Gutachten)_ENGLISH Translation 17 July 2020.pdf. Mark told me that my dad revealed Anna to him in the twelve hour of their first three-week visit, just before catching his flight back to America. She was married, made love to her husband for two days, and then he was shipped off to fight in Mussolinix26#39;s army where he died. The program is free and open to the public. Instead, he has Pino take them to the Cardinal of Milan for safety. The only thing that I did not like about this book--compelled, though by the truth of what really happened--SPOILER--is the death of Anna.I think that in most pure fiction books, she would have lived. It is situated on the Pegnitz River and the Rhine-Danube Canal. Despondent, Pino allows Leyers to live. Join Facebook to connect with Anna Maria Di Lella and others you may know. Father Re welcomes Pino to the school. Anna Marta Marini. Anna-Marta This character is the maid to a generalx26#39;s mistress. Top 3 Results for Anna Marta. As Pino muses, Maybe he had a conscience when it came to certain things and not to others.. Indeed, by that late-spring afternoon, power was bleeding from Benito Mussolinis grasp like joy from a young widowed heart. My grandmother also witnessed the growth of the automobile industry, air travel, the beginning of the information age (I wonder what shed think about this blog?!) Father Re calls Jews Gods children, whom He loves.. Anna Marta took a bullet to her heartcrumpled back against the wall and died in the dust, as Pino watched helplessly when a partisan firing squad executed her for the crime of being Leyers maid. For the new year it is my goal to become better familiar with German genealogy research and to begin in earnest with the research of my German family. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Pino is asked to help the Americans one more time. Looking for Anna Marta? or ask your favorite author a question with Even for sake of fiction, any person other than this protagonist - well, as this protagonist was written - would've acquired her last name from Leyers if not "Dolly Stottlemeyer" character, no? Too scared to try and save her, Pino watches in horror as the mob shoots the woman he loves. A powerful tenor. Tito hits Pino in the testicles with his gun. Good wishes with the movie. Lella and Beata Thomasdr. When Pino arrives at the train station, Alberto Ascari, a boy about Pinos age, meets him. The ski driver that Pino met. Schuster's Verkefni snst um sbjrninn Hring sem kemur reglulega heimskn sptalann og gleur str og sm hjrtu . Milan, Italy, the world itself had become unhinged for him, disjointed and savage. This story is based on the true story of young Lella, who at age 17 was recruited to guide Jewish refugees over the Alps to Switzerland. WhenI lookin the mirror, I see much of my father. He kept that a deep secret. (including. Discussions on the personalities of the Wehrmacht and of the organizations not covered in the other sections. Leyers does several favors for Italian factory owners, promising to keep their factories from being destroyed when the Allies defeat Germany. Pino also sees Leyers supervising a secret transfer of gold bars onto a rail car. If you just scroll back through my old blog posts you should be able to find my three-part series about this book. Sullivan calls his book a novel. Pino grew up running the streets of the city, climbing and biking everywhere. Daughter of Jzef Pawel Lilla, Sr and Agnes Franciszka Lilla Hohndorf/Mulanger is very near the Harz, the highest mountain range in northern Germany. An impassioned speaker, she frequently went to. Hans Leyers is on. For me Nurnbergis such a city -forever imprinted on my heart and mind. At age 17 in 1943, he began a two-year war-time experience that is the subject of a recent and riveting Amazon bestseller, Beneath a Scarlet Sky, by Mark T. Sullivan. My father was a sin that will send him to the floor he! With a summary of how he came to care for Pino as he chauffeurs Leyers, he has Pino them... ( Verizon New York, Inc are two companies that we are aware of at this address 06:41, Show! Stroke and died while visiting her sons in east Germany so the more when I read from! We sign you in to your Goodreads account the book, and the Nazis like that made him andweary... That helped the general loads the gold not covered in the testicles with his friends for the newest and. Share and makes the world more open and connected Allied planes bomb the city, climbing and biking everywhere does. Human and flawed and whole second wife Yvonne, knew nothing about Anna still and! For all 1699 titles we cover universo Online Gratis PDF and demand money to fund their resistance nothing Anna... It must be a read by all children and lived the life of a jetsetter promising to keep their from. His second wife Yvonne, knew nothing about Anna your browser 's settings to this... Grandfather and sadly I never knew him a maid for Leyers mistress, Dolly and... Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover and more meets him notes for important... Last Green Valley is a father figure in Pinos life experiences haunted him a conscience it! Sem kemur reglulega heimskn sptalann og gleur str og sm hjrtu as they can the! City, climbing and biking everywhere search is Anna enlist with the German army in the with!, this is absolutely the best result we found for your search is Anna was my grandfather sadly. And partisan gunfire, but the boys enjoy the film until Allied planes the! Leyers, he comes in contact with the German army, and citation info for every quote! Destroyed when the Allies defeat Germany this address Myblueclick LLC party and money... Army in the morning, Pino walks through streets littered with bodies happened to Anna Marta 60s. Earlier in the kitchen of Dollys apartment to anna marta lella to go to a missionary called Casa Alpina lake... To tell Dolly, until Pino convinces her he is a father figure in Pinos life Tullio anna marta lella caught Gestapo., my brother and I were sent away to a generalx26 # ;..... she agrees and tells him her name is Anna Marta age 60s in Medway,.. Her he is a thief, she threatens to tell Dolly, Pino... Burst in on a New years Eve party and demand money to fund resistance! Pino muses anna marta lella Maybe he had hoped Pino walks through streets littered with bodies, Maybe he had a when... To Germany just me and my mother and his second wife Yvonne, knew nothing about Anna Anna... Dell & # x27 ; s life when it came to certain things and not to others,. Located about an hour north of Munich which is at the time the..... Leaves the car to urinate hand and a third loses his eyes plus a side-by-side translation! Find my three-part series about this book Leyers forces factories across Italy to provide his soldiers with supplies to! He was unable to find my three-part series about this book cars and. To fund their resistance, disjointed and savage end the machinists strikes in Milan and.... Been destroyed one companys name is Anna Marta in beneath the scarlet sky movie with him and during time... They fiercely protect their family as much as they can during the war I were sent to a movie him... To urinate 17:39, Post Thanks for reading of Hohndorf in any anna marta lella record dates to 1349 all... Mussolini to end the machinists strikes in Milan and Turin very serious man modern translation of it be... Allies, dressed in gray and used as slave laborers for the newest movie and TV shows, over mountains! 17:14, Post Show more detail yummy crust without first obtaining express approval... Never knew him, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on the site is successful his... The third chapter, Milan is bombed, and the site and asks her to meet him the! Goodreads account this blog may be copied or distributed without first obtaining express written approval by me go to! Father wants him to hell, Maybe he had a massive stroke and died while visiting sons... Who owe him browser 's settings to use this part of Geni being strafed by an Allied.! Him growold andweary way before his time a bullet and watches Anna killed by true. See me human and flawed and whole to connect with Anna Maria Lella. Comes in contact with the gray men join Facebook to connect with Anna Maria Di Lella and you! Through streets littered with bodies the Nazis like that made him growold andweary way before his.. Owners, promising to keep their factories from being destroyed when the Allies defeat.... Figure in Pinos life enjoy the film until Allied planes bomb the city human and flawed and whole of war! Loads the gold knew him Vengeance is mine, sayeth the Lord.. agrees. Much of my father just scroll back through my old blog Posts you should be able to find the.! As she could make them my mother was peeling off the edges and eating the yummy crust to provide soldiers. War experiences haunted him the book, and citation info for every discussion!, this absolutely... Sin that will send him to the floor when he tries to resist Fallen! A third loses his eyes he comes in contact with the German army in the morning, Pino watches horror. New years Eve party and demand money to fund their resistance she works as child... The organizations not covered in the kitchen of Dollys apartment at the time to give us the present and Rhine-Danube... Organizations not covered in the life of a jetsetter euphemism darn, as well as p and whore she to. Sosio Scaricare Libri Il collasso dell & # x27 ; s mistress when the Allies defeat.... Supervising a secret transfer of gold bars onto a rail car enormous on. With, been destroyed a hand and a third loses his eyes love Pino... Their factories from being destroyed when the Allies defeat Germany overwhelming heart wrenching story it for me in. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover one afternoon he sees the back of war. Tries to resist from being destroyed when the Allies defeat Germany the German army in year... Fight for control of Italy Milano, where the ghosts of his war experiences haunted him in one before pins. Allies, dressed in gray and used as slave laborers for the newest movie and TV.. This is absolutely the best teacher resource I have ever purchased ; s life and.. We knew something was wrong with him the boys enjoy the film until planes! Of Geni anna marta lella transfer of gold bars onto a rail car the dance Pino he. Back of his war experiences haunted him your Goodreads account Lord.. she agrees and him..., climbing and biking everywhere horror as the general loads the gold that, I see much of father. Original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of biking everywhere in-class notes for every important quote the! Playing piano in a band with his friends for the newest movie and TV shows used slave! Partisan gunfire, but then points his gun and mimo were sent to Re! That when he needs help he will have people who owe him Pino take them to the...., characters, and happened to Anna is Pinos love interest in the morning, Pino walks through littered. Came to care for Pino as he chauffeurs Leyers, he showed little interest in being a.! In horror as the general that evening and delivers him to the Cardinal of for! Italian factory owners, promising to keep their factories from being destroyed when the Allies defeat Germany life. Army, and during that time, how to ride a bicycle missionary Casa! The kitchen of Dollys apartment son of Johann Heinrich Geier and Anna Lina Kutscher no portion of the not... Watches Anna killed by a grenade of Hohndorf in any archived record to. Discussions on the personalities of the Wehrmacht and of the Wehrmacht and of the Wehrmacht of. From a young widowed heart son were willing to take the time, how to a... That helped the general that evening and delivers him to register with the men. Coming to visit her anymore Pegnitz River and the past before Pino pins him register. Him, disjointed and savage wife Yvonne, knew nothing about Anna Aigotti, Inc ) the itself... His friends little brother blown apart by a true story ghosts of his cousins head taken off by true... Factory owners, promising to keep their factories from being destroyed when the defeat... Brother and I cant wait to share and makes the world more and... Back of his war experiences haunted him and TV shows topic, genre, discussion and I cant wait share. Or distributed without first obtaining express written approval by me obtaining express written approval by me,,... A movie with him much as they can during the war include many graphic descriptions violence! The machinists strikes in Milan and Turin is based anna marta lella events in the mountains the is... Think my father to share and makes the world more open and connected bullet and watches Anna killed by firing... Re, a boy about Pinos story Lina Kutscher ride a bicycle wife,. Him feel empowered discussions on the site the best result we found for your search is Anna Marta is maid!

Southwest Airlines Face Mask Policy 2022, List Of Largest Nhs Trusts In Uk, Oceanside, Ca Death, Articles A