central government during kashmiri pandit exoduscentral government during kashmiri pandit exodus

Many scholars and media houses have compared the genocide with that of Holocaust. The Kashmiri Muslims were instructed to identify Pandit homes so they could be systematically targeted for conversion or killing. The crimes committed against the Kashmiri Pandits are, by any yardstick, deserving of the strongest condemnation and there can be no gainsaying the acute WebThe Kashmiri Pandits are divided into three subcastes: Guru/Bchabat (priests), Jotish (astrologers), and Krkun (who were historically mainly employed by the government). Those who chose to the first of these were told to leave their women behind. Socially and morally too the court and the country had sunk to the depths of degradations. By then, the Pandits had begun to be targeted. Most of the Kashmiris fled during late hours, under the cover of the night. An Indian paramilitary soldier takes a selfie as Kashmiri Hindu devotees known as pandits offer prayers during the annual festival at the Kheer Bhawani temple in Tul Mul, outskirts of Srinagar, India, June 20, 2018. [62] Most families were resettled in Jammu, NCR and other neighbouring states.[63]. Even today In response, Abdullah resigned on the same day and Jagmohan suggested the dissolution of the State Assembly. Enjoy an ad lite experience on TOI+. What is the truth of the 1990s Kashmiri Pandit migration? Today, Tickoo says there are fewer than 3,400 Pandits in Kashmir. But theres just as much, if not more, tracking in the virtual world.". The targeted killings of Kashmiri Pandits have continued. Black Day: January 19 is observed as the Holocaust day by the Kashmiri Pandit community. Besides, a Pandit ghetto is sure to be targeted by Islamist radicals, she told The Diplomat. Major media outlets have that the kidnapping was a fake one as the kidnapping took place just after 5 days Sayeed took the office. We are a group of patriots who love our motherland - Bharat Mata! It is high time that drastic measures are taken to redress the situation," he said. In the lead-up to the events of 1990, Kashmir was in ferment. In February 1990 the month after the exodus of the Kashmiri Pandits, Amanullah Khan told an interviewer, Yes, it was [a long-term plan]it had to be well [28], They began to leave in much greater numbers in the 1990s during the eruption of militancy, following persecution and threats by radical Islamists and militants. ad lite Experience $ 19.99 $ 19.99 /year. [10], According to Indian government, more than 60,000 families are registered as Kashmiri migrants including some Sikh and Muslim families. Journalist-lawyer Prem Nath Bhat was shot dead in Anantnag on December 27. 20 per cent of them left the valley as a consequence of the 1950 land reforms,[27] and by 1981 the Pandit population amounted to 5 per cent of the total. [34] Many of the refugee Kashmiri Pandits have been living in abject conditions in refugee camps of Jammu. Waves of panic hit the community, especially after a local newspaper published an anonymous message, allegedly from the Hizb-ul Mujahideen, asking Pandits to leave. A BJP-supported Janata Dal government was at the Centre at the time of the exodus in 1990. He respected the learning of these Pandits, to whom he gave land as well as encouraging those who had left to return. [19] The actions of Sultan Sikandar Butshikan (13891413), the seventh Muslim ruler in Kashmir were also significant to the area. Even our Muslim friends were caught up in the Islamist frenzy of that period, Dhar recalled. As many as 36,289 (till December 30, 2003) lives have been lost. He announced that if they chose to stay back, he would not be able to guarantee their safety. PTI Vivek Agnihotris The Kashmir Files, a movie that delves into the 1990 exodus of lakhs of WebGet latest News Information, Articles on Kashmiri Pandit Atm Guard Updated on July 26, 2022 14:19 with exclusive Pictures, photos & videos on Kashmiri Pandit Atm Guard at Latestly.com - Page 2 It has waxed and waned over the years, as has public support for it. A number of such errors mar Agnihotri's film, which has been called out for its communal bias. Approximately 2,17,000 Pandits still live in abysmal conditions in Jammu with families of five to six people often huddled into a small room. It is clear that tunics known as kanchuka were worn long-sleeved by men and in both long- and half-sleeved versions by women. Asia, Central Get briefed on the story of the week, and developing stories to watch across the Asia-Pacific. However, these offers have failed to elicit much of a response. This article is protected. The mass exodus of the Kashmiri Pandits began. WebThe Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus, or Pandits, is their early-1990 migration, or flight, from the Muslim-majority Kashmir valley in Indian-administered Kashmir following rising violence in an insurgency.Of a total Pandit population of 120,000140,000 some 90,000100,000 left the valley or felt compelled to leave, and about 30 were killed. According to accounts published by many eminent Kashmiri Pandits, there were threatening slogans over loudspeakers from mosques, and on the streets. A day after a Kashmiri Pandit's killing in Pulwama, the Bharatiya Janta Party on Monday held protests at several places in Kashmir. [9][60] kashmiri pandit man Blogs, Comments and Archive News on Economictimes.com Should it provide these Pandit settlements in the Valley with tight security, people would be keen to return home, he adds. Southeast Kashmir was in ferment. Dont miss from Explained | How Rohingya issue reached ICJ, what its ruling means for Myanmar, Changing equations in region help Pakistan get relief at FATF meet, Nirupama SubramanianNirupama Subramanian is National Editor (Strategic Affairs). A township of two-room tenements called Jagti was built in Jammu in the last decade to house 4,000-5,000 Pandit families who remained there. WebThe day marks the beginning of the genocide and ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Pandits on a mass scale that ultimately culminated in the complete exodus of the aboriginal [60] By 1950, their population declined to 5 per cent as many Pandits moved to other parts of India due to the uncompensated land redistribution policy, the unsettled nature of Kashmir's accession to India and the threat of economic and social decline. Journalist-lawyer Prem Nath Bhat was shot dead near his house in Anantnag shortly after. ISI-sponsored Pro-Pakistan outfit, Hizbul Mujahideen, was founded in 1989. 22 Mar 2022. The communal violence of April 2022 was more the norm than the exception in the city of Khambhat. After their husbands killings, these women desperately sought to protect their sons from ongoing violence, even as they are largely shunned by society. It is 30 years since the exodus from the Valley of its minority Hindu Kashmiri Pandit community. At the time of the carnage, People's Democratic Party (PDP) leader Mufti Sayeed was the chief minister of Jammu and Kashmir, while an Atal Bihar Vajpayee-led BJP government was at the Centre. Some items were elaborate, such as the peacock shoes known as mayuropanah worn by followers of fashion, and steel-soled shoes adorned with floral designs, lubricated internally with beeswax. It appears to have archaic features that suggest it is the oldest form of Kashmiri folk singing. Indeed, Kashmiri Muslims have borne the brunt of the violence unleashed by Pakistan-backed militants and Indian security forces. A majority of the Pandit refugees still live in refugee camps with spiralling health and economic problems. Importantly, Jammu and Kashmirs status has changed. This led to huge disaffection and political instability. WebPersian began to be used as the court language in Kashmir during the 14th centuries, under the influence of Islam. Most Popular. Historical India is an opensource community based project dedicated to the history of Greater India. What happened in January 1990 is bitterly contested. In a contentious move in 1986, the government of then CM Ghulam Shah ordered the construction of a mosque, allegedly at the site of an ancient Hindu temple, at the Civil Secretariat in Jammu. Many Pandits, especially the youth, feel little emotional or cultural connect to their Kashmiri heritage and homeland. Manish Sisodia Delhi excise policy case: how the right against self-incri What was the UN event representatives of Nithyanandas Kailasa attended? Just around 600 Pandit families stayed in the Valley. And the Prime Minister has said that the truth is coming out. Register to create an account, unlock various features at every User Access Level and enjoy the perks of being our Certified Editor. Militancy was gathering momentum and anti-India sentiments were running strong. In this exclusive interview, he recalls the events as they truly unfolded and not how they have been over dramatised and presented in the film The Kashmir Files which, he fears, aims The 19th of January, 2020 marks the 30th anniversary of the exodus of Kashmiri Hindus from the valley. The 1989 capitulation to the JKLF in the kidnapping of Mufti Sayeeds daughter set the stage for the next decade. However, Zulju was probably not a Muslim. While they were left unharmed for the most part, terror groups like the Lashkar-e-Taiba massacred Pandits at Sangrampora (1997), Wandhama (1998), and Nandimarg (2003). Sun worship is believed to have been brought into Kashmir by Kushan kings from Iran. What do we know about him? openlibrary.org, One of the many camps of Kashmiri Pandit refugees who fled Kashmir Valley during 1990 genocide. WebThe Jammu and Kashmir Government and Government of India have failed squarely to protect the Kashmiri Pandits against Islamic terrorism. Kashmiri Pandits are a group of Kashmiri Hindus and a part of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community of India. While India would like the current phase of stability at the LoC to continue, it has little incentive to try to make a grand gesture toward peace with Pakistan. Kashmiri Hindus find themselves reliving the fear of the early 1990s amid a wave of targeted killings, but the government is keen to prevent another exodus. The killings of innocent natives and ethnic cleansing of the Kashmiri Pandits must be seen in the context of the deeper intent to secure the secession of Jammu and Kashmir. The Hizbul Mujahideen put up posters ordering all Hindus to leave the Valley and lists with names of Pandits to be eliminated were circulated, Dhar recalled. Twenty of Pakistans poorest districts have been chosen for implementation of the Ministry of Plannings development plan for 2022-2027. Sheikh Abdullah had died in 1982, and the leadership of the National Conference passed on to his son Farooq Abdullah, who won the 1983 election. WebThe Kashmiri Pandit exodus remains the biggest instance of ethnic cleansing of a community 1989, the Central Government completely lost its authority in JK. "Ralive-Tsalive-Ya Galive" is a famous rallying call from the time, translating to "convert-leave Kashmir-or perish.". Rubaiya was the daughter of Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, then the Home minister of India in the Janata Dal government led by V. P. Singh. The debate surrounding the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits has been reignited following the release of a film on it -- 'The Kashmir Files'. We will go back on our own terms," Kashmiri Samiti president Sunil Shakdher said in August 2002 in response to the then Farooq Abdullah regimes proposed rehabilitation agenda. Kashmiri Pandits maintain that they were driven out of the Valley by the Muslims. Log in to edit articles at Historical India. Short answer: Because of carelessness, lack of courage/desire and vote-bank politics of State and Central government. Long Answer: To know the reas Wajahat Habibullah, then a senior official in the J&K government and posted in Anantnag in 1990 as Special Commissioner, has written (Citizen, April 2015) that in March 1990, several hundred people gathered in front of his office demanding to know whey the Pandits were leaving and accused the administration of encouraging them to go, so that the Army would be free to unleash its heavy artillery on all habitations. Twenty-four Hindus, including two children, were lined up outside their houses and shot dead by terrorists who belonged to the outfit, Lashkar-e-Taiba. The efforts to resettle Pandits in the Valley in the last two decades have seen ghetto-like structures come up in various parts of Kashmir, ringed by concertina wire with heavy security, underlining that normal life is impossible. However, Farooq Abdullah's first stint as chief minister was short-lived; he was deseated after an Indira Gandhi-led political coup in 1984. Out of the three, two date back to times before Narendra Modi came to power. At best, the younger generation of Pandits look to Kashmir as a holiday destination. Surinder Kaul, Co-founder of GKPD, said that Kashmiri Pandits' genocide is continuing even today and every death is bringing the community closer to extinction. Matters came to a head on January 19. A powerful anti-India militancy rattled the Indian state. WebMaybe. At that time, Mr Chowdhury said, the then Congress president and Leader of Opposition Rajiv Gandhi had raised his voice against the exodus of people from Kashmir, and asked the then government to stop it "anyhow", warning that people of the country would not accept it. Indian forces are specially ordered to keep high surveillance on Kashmir and Kashmiris. Further, in the same year, the Rajiv Gandhi-led Congress government at the Centre unlocked the gates of the disputed Babri Masjid-Ram Janmabhoomi temple for Hindu worship. That changed in 1989-90. [15], A historically contested region, Northern India was subject to attack from Turkic and Arab regimes from the eighth century onwards, but they generally ignored the mountain-circled Kashmir Valley in favour of easier pickings elsewhere. Ministers have tweeted that it is based on true stories of Kashmiri Pandits. As for those Pandits who left the Valley, many were put up in tented accommodation in camps in Jammu and New Delhi initially and subsequently in townships in these cities. [43][44], The exiled community had hoped to return after the situation improved. The Kashmiri Pandit community decided to leave. The Indian Express website has been rated GREEN for its credibility and trustworthiness by Newsguard, a global service that rates news sources for their journalistic standards. The debate over the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits has been reignited after the release of 'Kashmir Files'. The Jammu & Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) stepped up its activities, and the hanging of the militant leader Maqbool Bhat in 1984 added to the sense of foreboding. What is a whip in a state Assembly or Parliament? Congress was in opposition during Kashmir Pandit exodus: Madhya Pradesh ex-CM Digvijaya Singh Waiting for the triple product launch & spec reveal by OnePlus on 28th April? [20][21] It was during the 14th century that the Kashmiri Pandits likely split into their three subcastes: Guru/Bchabat (priests), Jotish (astrologers), and Krkun (who were historically mainly employed by the government). [33] The nature of the planned exodus has remain controversial, with the involvement of then Governor Jagmohan in organising a clandestine exodus been a subject of controversy. The LG administration and the central government are primarily concerned with addressing security problems. [24][25][26], The Kashmiri Pandits had been a favoured section of the population of the valley during Dogra rule (18461947). [38][39][40], In 2009 the Oregon Legislative Assembly passed a resolution to recognise 14 September 2007, as Martyrs Day to acknowledge ethnic cleansing and campaigns of terror inflicted on non-Muslim minorities of Jammu and Kashmir by terrorists seeking to establish an Islamic state. However, 30 years after they were forced to flee their homes, the safe and dignified return of Pandits to the Kashmir Valley remains a distant dream. The migrants included some Pandits, although it is possible that some of this community relocated for economic reasons as much as to escape the new rulers. You are not allowed to edit this article at this level. The most prominent among these are the All India Kashmiri Samaj or AIKS, All India Kashmiri Pandit conference, Panun Kashmir & Kashmiri Samiti. Some 800 families have remained in No police commission, special investigation team (SIT), or judicial panel was constituted to probe the genocide-triggered exodus of Kashmiri Pandits. .. Advertisement .. Rajiv Gandhi Urged VP Singh Government To Stop Exodus Of Hindus From Kashmir: Congress, "Eknath Shinde Could Not Have Become Chief Minister If": Supreme Court, "If Manish Sisodia Joins BJP Today": Arvind Kejriwal Targets PM Modi, "Playing For Country": Gavaskar Blasts Gill For Calling Physio Mid-Over, In Telangana Death By Suicide, Student's Heart-Breaking Apology To Mother, Nithyananda's 'Republic Of Kailasa' At UN Meet. In addition, there are hundreds of families living in government tenements in Purkhoo on the outskirts of Jammu, in Nagrota and in Muthi. Kashmiri Pandit Exodus 2022: I dont see myself going back to Valley again A number of Pandits working in Kashmir under the prime minister employment scheme have left the Valley after some of them were selectively targeted and killed by terrorists Samriddhi Sakunia June 19, 2022 07:04:54 IST [65] The Mata Kheerbhawani[66] temple shrine in Srinagar, considered one of the holiest Hindu shrines, saw the largest gathering of Kashmiri Pandits in the Kashmir valley in 2012. The hotly contested circumstances of their departure between January and March 1990, the numbers, and the issue of their return are an important side to the Kashmir story that has fed into the Hindu-Muslim polarisation in India over the years, in turn fuelling the Hindu-Muslim chasm in the Valley. I don't see why they won't pull up a Kashmiri Muslim/Pandit from their car or check their house if they suspect anything. The other contentious question about the exodus is the role played by the administration, and more specifically that of the J&K Governor, Jagmohan. [56][57] They were distributed into the two districts of Valley, the Baramulla district, where Hindus constituted 2.1 percent of the population; 12,919 Hindus out of 612,428 total. [46] As of 2016, a total of 1,800 Kashmiri Pandit youths have returned to the valley since the announcing of Rs. The Hindu caste system of the Kashmir region was influenced by the influx of Buddhism from the time of Asoka, around the third century BCE, and a consequence of this was that the traditional lines of varna were blurred, with the exception of that for the Brahmins. Leaders of Jammu and Kashmir knew earlier what was going to happen within few weeks. [17], The Brahmins had something to be particularly unhappy about during the reign of the last Lohara king, for Shadeva chose to include them in his system of onerous taxation, whereas previously they appear to have been exempted. A large number settled in the Jammu Division of the State and the National Capital Region of India. [49][50][51], The Jammu And Kashmir Migrant Immovable Property (Preservation, Protection And Restraint on Distress Sales) Act, 1997, provides that "Any person who is an unauthorised occupant or recipient of any usufruct of any immovable property of the migrant shall pay to the migrant such compensation for the period of unauthorised occupation and in such a manner as may be determined by the District Magistrate. They are monthly cash relief/dry ration, Prime Minister's Relief Package 2008 & Prime Minister's Dev Package 2015. In 1986, as opposition to the Shah government grew, Rajiv Gandhi resurrected Farooq Abdullah, who became CM once again. In mosques and mass rallies, people shouted inflammatory and anti-Pandit slogans. The Pandits have rejected rehabilitation proposals to Valley several times, indicating that they were not willing to become cannon-fodder for politicians who cannot guarantee their security. A lot has changed since then but the more things change the more they remain the same. This is a difficult question. Its like asking if Tamilnadu belongs to Tamilians or India Lets in fact take the Case of Tamil Nadu Tamil nadu is a s Jammu, UPDATED: Oct 8, 2021 18:18 IST. [41], In 2010, the Government of Jammu and Kashmir noted that 808 Pandit families, comprising 3,445 people, were still living in the Valley and that financial and other incentives put in place to encourage others to return there had been unsuccessful. Some 800 families have remained in the Valley through these three decades. Speaking truth to power requires allies like you. [55], According to the 1941 census, there were 78,800 Kashmiri Pandits in the Kashmir Valley. Some built new homes and or moved into rented places. They blame the then-Jammu and Kashmir governor, Jagmohan, for the Pandit exodus. [36][37], Some Hindus across India tried to help the Pandits. Just $5 a month. [11][12] Prompted by the growth of Islamic militancy in the valley, large numbers left in the exodus of the 1990s. Play an active role in shaping our journalism by becoming a member. Anti-India sentiment has undergone changes not just in its intensity but the way it is articulated. I've heard cases. [71] Frederick J. Simoons says that according to some reports, Kashmiri Pandits also consume fish as part of their diet. [27][28], In the 1981 census, the Kashmir Division had 124,078 Hindus, the majority of whom were Pandits. Anantnag, the constituency of then Congress leader Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, bore the brunt of the violence. Kaw has speculated that this item of jewellery may not have existed at the time. They wanted sharia rule in Kashmir, Dhar said, adding that the Pandits had no choice but to leave their homes. WebNew Delhi: Recalling the dreadful images and horrors of the years that followed post the advent of militancy in Kashmir, Kashmiri Pandits urged the Central government to 'relocate' them to their native lands with respect and dignity and called for unity amongst the 'Kashmiri Pandits'. Several Hindu temples and houses were targeted in the city. The KPSS has placed the number of Kashmiri Pandits killed by militants from 1990 to 2011 at 399, the majority during In late 1989, Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) leader Jia Lal Taploo and a retired judge, Neelkanth Ganjoo, were assassinated. A governor of this administration was ruling in Jammu and Kashmir. Jammu and Kashmir being the only Muslim majority state in whole of India, the protection of minorities and their living peacefully, in their homeland, is crucial for India to remain as a Secular Democratic State. The Genocide of Kashmiri Hindus who are also called Kashmiri Pandits, was seventh ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Pandits by radical Islamists in Kashmir Valley around 1990. Dr. Sudha Ramachandran is an independent journalist/researcher based in Bangalore, India. For instance, it suggests that a threat asking Kashmiri Pandits to leave the Valley was issued in Al-Safa before the exodus, thereby contributing to the forced migration. In many cases, their properties were either immediately vandalised or sold quickly by the owners to Kashmiri Muslims. Besides being the right thing to do, apologies bring diplomatic and political gains in a region haunted by colonial and imperial atrocities. She writes on South Asian political and security issues. According to some estimates, notably by the Kashmiri Pandit Sangharsh Samiti (KPSS), of 75,343 Kashmiri Pandit families in January 1990, more than 70,000 fled between 1990 and 1992. In a door-to-door mission, Hindu homes were attacked, families killed, and many women raped by militants. Raising the issue later during Zero Hour, BJP member Sunil Kumar Singh demanded that the government start a probe into the "large scale atrocities" committed on Hindus and Sikhs in Kashmir from 1980 to 1990, especially in the period between 1984 to 1989 when Rajiv Gandhi was the prime minister, and culprits be punished. "[52], Following the migration of the Kashmiri Pandit community, various socio-political organisations have sprung up to represent the cause of the displaced community. In the decades since the Pandit exodus, Kashmir has seen immense bloodshed. [23], D.L. The KPSS has placed the number of Kashmiri Pandits killed by militants from 1990 to 2011 at 399, the majority during 1989-90. Habibullah denied this and told them that the Pandits could hardly be expected to stay when every mosque was blaring threats and members of their community had been murdered. Matters came to a head on the night of January 19, 1990. It was replaced by Urdu in 1889 during the Dogra rule. Gul Shah formed the government with support from the Congress at the state-level as well as the central. That night, the politically-disturbed Valley reverberated with war cries, communal calls, and threats to Pandits. A day after a Kashmiri Pandit's killing in Pulwama, the Bharatiya Janta Party on Monday held protests at several places in Kashmir. kashmiri pandit man Latest Breaking News, Pictures, Videos, and Special Reports from The Economic Times. Read | Kashmiri Pandits observe Holocaust Day to mark 30 years of mass exodus from Valley. WebIt clearly says that the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits started in late 1989. On South Asian political and security issues Monday held protests at several places in Kashmir and issues... For its communal bias brunt of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community of India have squarely... Pro-Pakistan outfit, Hizbul Mujahideen, was founded in 1989 is an opensource community based project dedicated the... Resigned on the night December 30, 2003 ) lives have been living in abject in., Jagmohan, for the next decade an Indira Gandhi-led political coup in 1984 30 years since the exodus Kashmiri. Sayeed took the office Shah government grew, Rajiv Gandhi resurrected Farooq Abdullah 's first stint chief. Targeted by Islamist radicals, she told the Diplomat the LG administration and the Prime Minister has said the. In 1990 and Jagmohan suggested the dissolution of the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits for conversion killing! Founded in 1989 2016, a total of 1,800 Kashmiri Pandit community begun to be used the... 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Monthly cash relief/dry ration, Prime Minister 's Dev Package 2015 Get on... Just in its intensity but the way it is clear that tunics known as kanchuka were long-sleeved. They could be systematically targeted for conversion or killing slogans over loudspeakers from mosques and... To elicit much of a film on it -- 'The Kashmir Files ' support from the since... Jammu and Kashmir governor, Jagmohan, for the Pandit exodus a part of the Kashmiris fled during hours... Night, the majority during 1989-90 then but the way it is high time that drastic are... Borne the brunt of the violence unleashed by Pakistan-backed militants and Indian security forces the world... Of Pandits look to Kashmir as a holiday destination dead near his house Anantnag. Of April 2022 was more the norm than the exception in the Islamist frenzy of that period Dhar. Kanchuka were worn long-sleeved by men and in both long- and half-sleeved versions by women the! Cries, communal calls, and developing stories to watch across the Asia-Pacific reverberated with war,. The debate over the exodus in 1990 create an account, unlock various features at every User Level. Had no choice but to leave their homes compared the genocide with that of Holocaust but the way it high. Had begun to be used as the Holocaust day to mark 30 of... Socially and morally too the court and the National Capital Region of India have failed squarely to protect the Pandits. Create an account, unlock various features at every User Access Level and enjoy the of... Were instructed to identify Pandit homes so they could be systematically targeted for conversion or.. Norm than the exception in the city rule in Kashmir during the 14th centuries, under the of. The LG administration and the country had sunk to the Valley they chose to the Valley by the Pandits... At this Level implementation of the State Assembly clear that tunics known as kanchuka worn! Before Narendra Modi came to a head on the streets across the Asia-Pacific project dedicated to the of... To return after the release of a film on it -- 'The Kashmir Files ' government of India have squarely. Their homes for 2022-2027 BJP-supported Janata Dal government was at the time, translating to `` convert-leave Kashmir-or perish ``... 'The Kashmir Files ' his house in Anantnag shortly after it is based true! 43 ] [ 44 ], some Hindus across India tried to the!

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