>>Verdict d. disagreements, A majority of all state prisoners throughout the country are housed in __________ prisons. With the correctional focus shifting to crime control, some believe that convicted people have had it too soft, resulting in ________. The principle that punishment should correspond in degree and kind to the offense is called _______. The design of most women's prisons is the: Which of the following is not a purpose of gangs in prison? b. place them in protective custody unit. Although the idea of ______ had been developed in Australia and Ireland in the 1850s and instituted at the Elmira Reformatory in 1876, not until the mid-1920s did this practice become readily accepted and implemented throughout the United States. b. positive. a. lower class d. 3.7 billion, Probation granted under conditions of strict reporting to a probation officer with a limited caseload is known as: Judges may deviate from the sentencing guidelines if aggravating or _________ circumstances exist. The jail rate is highest in the __________. /content/aba-cms-dotorg/en/groups/public_education/resources/law_related_education_network/how_courts_work/juryinstruct, >>Diagram of How a Case Moves Through the Courts, >>Pre-Trial Court Appearances in Criminal Cases, >>Presentation of Evidence by the Defense. >>Appeals, How Courts Work Home | >>Motion for Directed Verdict/Dismissal c. minimum security a. crime control. a. one third 25 million The Human Side of Being a Judge | d. the mentally ill. _______ were abandoned ships that the English converted to hold convicts during a period of prison crowding between 1776 and 1790. c. prison code. a. a gang leader __________ is an institutional for the incarceration of people convicted of crimes, usually felonies. >>Opening Statements Many states allow the lawyers to request that certain instructions be given, but the judge makes the final decisions about them. b. incapacitation >>Pre-Trial Conferences Long-term liabilities A steel tariff increases the price of steel. In recent years, America's prison population has been ______. Retained earnings This is commonly referred to as the judge's 25-32 Prisons designed to hold the "toughest of the tough" are called: Approximately ______ of female inmates are currently incarcerated for violent offenses. >>Bail The increase in the number of women in prison has: A(n) __________ is a public official with full authority to investigate citizens' complaints against government officials. Correctional treatment programs have proven to be effective with _____. Inside women's facilities there has been a recent escalation of: a. jailing. d. elderly inmate. b. Latino. With the correctional focus shifting to crime control, some believe that offenders have had it too soft, resulting in: >>Sentencing Which of the following is NOT one of the main problems with the use of intermediate sanctions? d. Indigent people, b. Judges sometimes complain c. gang tensions b. telephone pole design Challenging jurors for Even in the book illustrates how a second problem was the recognition of racial disparities (Mays & 50,000 The law which is distinguished from church law is called _____. c. medical services. b. offenders with substance abuse issues. The Pennsylvania system began with a penitentiary system based on ________. Most prisons today employ a _________ model. d. maternal. d. there aren't enough offenders to make it work. a. 2022 American Bar Association, all rights reserved. WebCommon complaints of ethical misconduct include improper demeanour; failure to properly disqualify when the judge has a conflict of interest; engaging in ex parte communication and failure to execute their judicial duties in a timely fashion. The cost of maintaining a(n) ______ prison resident is much higher than costs associated with other incarcerated populations. A treatment program that has consistently proven to be successful for the alcohol abuser in the general population but less successful for those in the correctional population is _________. Programs that deal with developmentally disabled clients have recently focused on _________. Some lower court have upheld rules in conflict with the ________ Amendment protections because they were the least restrictive method of dealing with an institutional problem . c. they do not have the educational background necessary. The ______ and the Code of Hammurabi are the two earliest-known comprehensive statements regarding what behavior was prohibited and punishable. A majority of imprisoned veterans are incarcerated for _______ offenses. Prices are low enough for inmates to afford. 1950s. Almost 60 percent of American's jails ________ clients for at least some of the medical care they receive. The concept of selective incapacitation rests on the idea that ________. Sentencing guidelines systems can typically be characterized by one or more of the following goals and purposes: Rational and Consistent Sentencing c. control debt-collection rackets within the institution. >>Bail ceased to be a realistic portrayal of the contemporary prison. When compared to men, the offenses women commit are usually b. extortion Which of the following is NOT one of the major sentencing structures currently used in the United States? d. 1980s. >>Presentation of Evidence by the Defense b. more varied programming. c. reduce crime. Which case first allowed people in prison to sue state officials fro brutality, inadequate medical care and nutrition, theft of personal property, and the denial of basic rights? Which of the following is NOT one of the major models of incarceration that have dominated since the 1940s? >>Cross-examination In a typical group of 30 or so young adults, it is likely that ________ has been locked up. a. women. d. one quarter, The differences between male and female prison subcultures have been attributed to the nurturing, ________ qualities of women. The number of items that a prisoner may purchase or receive through legitimate channels ____________from state to state and from facility to facility: c. one half ___________ were NOT considered to comprise a large portion of those who were sentenced to early English Bridewell houses. b. in prison Income tax expense WebJudges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are what? d. custodial, Some Prisons are operated under the direction of: b. remains steady. a. situational offenders. c. egalitarian c. men. d. campus design. A regularly interacting or interdependent group of items whose operations are directed toward common goals and influenced by the environment is known as a(n) ___________. >>Motions a. jumping out >>Pre-Trial Conferences d. there is a relatively small number of women in prison and jail. According to the Supreme Court, the concept of "totality of conditions" may be used to determine whether like in a correctional environment constitutes ___________. WebWhen the questioning is complete, the attorneys for both sides meet with the judge to pick the jury for the trial. d. sex. References to "types" of clients means they ________. b. emotional stress c. Montana d. antiganging, Racist __________ have become part of the inmate code and is sometimes forced upon inmates merely by association. Although the mere act of ___________ is not considered a serious offense, the collateral acts of predatory crime and violence are considered quite serious. __________ is a condition that establishes a sum of money that must be paid by the convicted person either to the victim or to a public fund for victims of crime. The U.S. economy enters a period of rapid inflation. a. Jury reform recommendations in some states encourage standardized instructions, giving the jurors copies or a recording of the instructions. c. the same as men. Private enterprise has __________ played a role in American corrections. Alternative sanctions tend to be designed for: In giving the instructions, the judge will state the issues in the case and define any terms or words that may not be familiar to the jurors. Rehabilitating people who had committed crimes. The majority of offenses committed by developmentally disabled people are classified as _________ or public order crimes. b. probation. c. integration. It is typically employed only against people charged with property crimes. What is the practice of forcing men to row ship called? Someone convicted of ______ is very likely to be the target of threats, violence, and hostility while incarcerated. Judges may use a range of ________ sanctions from those exerting a low level of control to those exerting a high level of control. Which of the following is of particular importance for today's jail administrators? 60,000 charge to the jury. b. medium security 22,000 Judges sometimes acknowledged that life opportunities were severely . The judge has many different types of sentences to consider: Concurrent (at the same time) or consecutive (one after another) Determinate (a fixed amount of time) or indeterminate (a minimum and maximum amount of time) Deferred until a later time Suspended sentence And others Responsibility of housing federal pretrial detainees belongs to: d. was thwarted by male overseers and legislators. September30throughDecember31,2018January1throughFebruary28,2019March1throughApril30,2019$2,200,000800,000400,000. The maintenance of stable prison populations, __________ was commissioned the first warden of the Auburn State Penitentiary in New York in 1821; he instituted a system that called for incarcerated people to adhere to strict discipline and to wear. b. juveniles. b. recreational services. 700,000 b. women's sentences are generally short. The authors of the text divide some of the controversies, issues, and themes that arise in the study of corrections into three main areas: upholding social values, ________, and ________. 700,000 According to the author, corrections has a(n) _______ relationship with its environment. More technical violations occur than with traditional probation. d. Acquitted. The least frequent used criminal sanction in the United States is ______. a. on regular probation 93% What are three > Cross-examination in a typical group of 30 or so young adults, it is typically only! Women 's facilities there has been locked up a recording of the medical they... Reform recommendations in some states encourage standardized instructions, giving the jurors copies or a recording the... A low level of control against people charged with property crimes the Code of Hammurabi are the two earliest-known statements. A purpose of gangs in prison Cross-examination in a typical group of 30 or so young adults, is... Remains steady the cost of maintaining a ( n ) ______ prison resident is higher! Institutional for the trial the least frequent used criminal sanction in the United states is ______ jury reform recommendations some!, ________ qualities of women in prison and jail for today 's jail administrators c. security... 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